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Home/Accountancy

Taxchopal Latest Questions

Ramesh Sharma
Ramesh SharmaEnlightened
Asked: February 13, 2025In: Accountancy

When Ind AS are applicable?

  1. CA Manish Kumar Gupta Enlightened
    Added an answer on February 24, 2025 at 7:57 pm

    Ind AS applies based on company size and listing status. 1. Mandatory Applicability: From April 1, 2016 → Listed & unlisted companies with net worth ₹500 crore+. From April 1, 2017 → All listed companies & unlisted companies with net worth ₹250 crore+. From April 1, 2018 → Banks, NBFCs &Read more

    Ind AS applies based on company size and listing status.

    1. Mandatory Applicability:

    • From April 1, 2016 → Listed & unlisted companies with net worth ₹500 crore+.
    • From April 1, 2017 → All listed companies & unlisted companies with net worth ₹250 crore+.
    • From April 1, 2018 → Banks, NBFCs & insurance companies with net worth ₹500 crore+.
    • From April 1, 2019 → NBFCs with net worth ₹250 crore+.

    2. Voluntary Adoption:

    • Any company can opt for Ind AS but cannot switch back to old standards.

    3. Not Required for:

    • Small companies not meeting the above criteria.
    • Some banks & insurance companies (Ind AS implementation under discussion).

    Net Worth = (Paid-up Share Capital) + (Reserves & Surplus) – (Accumulated Losses) – (Deferred Expenditure Not Written Off)

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CA Sanjiv Kumar
CA Sanjiv KumarEnlightened
Asked: December 17, 2022In: Accountancy

Can we adjust expenses with income of similar nature?

  1. CA Vishnu Ram Enlightened
    Added an answer on March 16, 2025 at 3:18 pm

    Yes, expenses can be adjusted against income of a similar nature under certain conditions, but this depends on accounting standards, tax laws, and specific business circumstances. Let’s analyze this from an accounting and Ind AS/AS perspective. 1. Accounting Treatment as per Ind AS & AS (A) IndRead more

    Yes, expenses can be adjusted against income of a similar nature under certain conditions, but this depends on accounting standards, tax laws, and specific business circumstances. Let’s analyze this from an accounting and Ind AS/AS perspective.


    1. Accounting Treatment as per Ind AS & AS

    (A) Ind AS Perspective

    📌 Ind AS 1 (Presentation of Financial Statements):

    • It generally requires income and expenses to be shown separately in the financial statements.
    • Offsetting is allowed only when:
      • Required or permitted by another Ind AS
      • It reflects the substance of the transaction

    📌 Ind AS 18 (Revenue Recognition) & Ind AS 115 (Revenue from Contracts with Customers):

    • Expenses that are directly linked to revenue (such as cost of sales in case of trading income) can be adjusted against income.

    📌 Ind AS 37 (Provisions, Contingent Liabilities, and Contingent Assets):

    • If an entity incurs an expense that leads to a compensating claim (e.g., insurance claims, government subsidies), it can be recognized net of the claim if realization is virtually certain.

    (B) AS Perspective (Indian GAAP – Accounting Standards)

    📌 AS 9 (Revenue Recognition):

    • It does not permit netting off expenses against revenue unless they are directly related (e.g., trade discounts, returns).

    📌 AS 5 (Net Profit or Loss for the Period, Prior Period Items, and Changes in Accounting Policies):

    • Extraordinary income and expenses should not be offset against each other but separately disclosed.

    2. When is Offsetting Allowed?

    ✅ Examples Where Adjustment is Allowed:

    • Commission Income vs. Commission Paid: If a company earns commission and pays a commission for the same transaction, they may be netted off.
    • Trading Businesses: Cost of goods sold (COGS) is deducted from sales revenue.
    • Banking Transactions: Interest income and interest expense of the same nature can be reported net if permitted by the standard.

    ❌ Examples Where Adjustment is NOT Allowed:

    • Different sources of income (e.g., rental income vs. business expenses).
    • Operating expenses against unrelated income (e.g., office rent cannot be adjusted against interest income).

    3. Taxation Perspective

    📌 Under Income Tax Act, 1961, netting off is not generally allowed except:

    • Section 70 & 71: Business losses can be set off against business income but not against salary or capital gains.
    • Depreciation as per Section 32: Can be adjusted against business profits.
    • Capital gains adjustments (short-term vs. long-term).

    Final Answer:

    • Ind AS & AS generally prohibit offsetting unless specifically permitted.
    • Business-related expenses can only be adjusted against income of a similar nature (e.g., direct expenses against trading income).
    • Tax laws have specific rules for set-offs, so compliance with Income Tax Act, 1961 is necessary.
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CA Sanjiv Kumar
CA Sanjiv KumarEnlightened
Asked: March 15, 2022In: Accountancy

What is related party disclosure in Financial Statement?

  • 0 0 Answers
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CA Vishnu Ram
CA Vishnu RamEnlightened
Asked: March 15, 2022In: Accountancy

What is the difference between Ind As and AS?

  1. CA Sanjiv Kumar Enlightened Chartered Accountant
    Added an answer on April 9, 2025 at 11:03 am

    Below are the key differences between Ind AS and AS: Particulars Ind AS (Indian Accounting Standards) AS (Accounting Standards) Applicability Mandatory for specified companies (as per Companies (Ind AS) Rules) Applicable to other companies not required to follow Ind AS Objective Converged with IFRSRead more

    Below are the key differences between Ind AS and AS:

    Particulars Ind AS (Indian Accounting Standards) AS (Accounting Standards)
    Applicability Mandatory for specified companies (as per Companies (Ind AS) Rules) Applicable to other companies not required to follow Ind AS
    Objective Converged with IFRS – for global financial reporting comparability Designed primarily for Indian reporting needs
    Conceptual Framework Substance over form – economic reality takes precedence Legal form is generally followed
    Fair Value Measurement Emphasis on fair value accounting (Ind AS 113) Primarily based on historical cost
    Presentation of Financials Requires detailed disclosures – e.g., in Ind AS 1 Less detailed disclosures
    Consolidation Mandates consolidation under Ind AS 110 Consolidation not mandatory under AS (except in limited cases)
    Financial Instruments Recognized under Ind AS 32, 109 etc., with complex valuation models No comprehensive guidance under AS
    Use of Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) OCI is presented separately (Ind AS 1) No concept of OCI under AS
    Impact of Changes in Accounting Estimates & Errors More detailed guidance in Ind AS 8 Less extensive under AS 5
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CA Vishnu Ram
CA Vishnu RamEnlightened
Asked: March 15, 2022In: Accountancy

How may Ind AS have been issued till date?

  1. CA Sanjiv Kumar Enlightened Chartered Accountant
    Added an answer on April 9, 2025 at 11:43 am

    As of the latest notifications, a total of 41 Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) have been issued. These standards are designed to converge with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and cover a wide range of topics: Ind AS No. Title of Standard Ind AS 1 Presentation of Financial StatRead more

    As of the latest notifications, a total of 41 Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) have been issued. These standards are designed to converge with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and cover a wide range of topics:

    Ind AS No. Title of Standard
    Ind AS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements
    Ind AS 2 Inventories
    Ind AS 7 Statement of Cash Flows
    Ind AS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates & Errors
    Ind AS 10 Events after the Reporting Period
    Ind AS 12 Income Taxes
    Ind AS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment
    Ind AS 19 Employee Benefits
    Ind AS 20 Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure
    Ind AS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates
    Ind AS 23 Borrowing Costs
    Ind AS 24 Related Party Disclosures
    Ind AS 27 Separate Financial Statements
    Ind AS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures
    Ind AS 29 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies
    Ind AS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation
    Ind AS 33 Earnings Per Share
    Ind AS 34 Interim Financial Reporting
    Ind AS 36 Impairment of Assets
    Ind AS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
    Ind AS 38 Intangible Assets
    Ind AS 40 Investment Property
    Ind AS 41 Agriculture
    Ind AS 101 First-time Adoption of Indian Accounting Standards
    Ind AS 102 Share-based Payment
    Ind AS 103 Business Combinations
    Ind AS 104 Insurance Contracts (Transitional Standard – will be replaced by Ind AS 117 once notified)
    Ind AS 105 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations
    Ind AS 106 Exploration for and Evaluation of Mineral Resources
    Ind AS 107 Financial Instruments: Disclosures
    Ind AS 108 Operating Segments
    Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments
    Ind AS 110 Consolidated Financial Statements
    Ind AS 111 Joint Arrangements
    Ind AS 112 Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities
    Ind AS 113 Fair Value Measurement
    Ind AS 114 Regulatory Deferral Accounts
    Ind AS 115 Revenue from Contracts with Customers
    Ind AS 116 Leases
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Anonymous
Anonymous
Asked: March 11, 2022In: Accountancy

what is GST?

  1. Ramesh Sharma Enlightened
    Added an answer on March 15, 2022 at 11:55 am

    GST (Goods and Services Tax) is an Indirect tax and applied on the sale of goods and services. Earlier, there were lots of other Indirect taxes such as VAT, service tax, purchase tax, excise duty, etc, GST replaced all of these taxes. GST is applicable all over India and has similar rate of taxes (5Read more

    GST (Goods and Services Tax) is an Indirect tax and applied on the sale of goods and services. Earlier, there were lots of other Indirect taxes such as VAT, service tax, purchase tax, excise duty, etc, GST replaced all of these taxes.

    GST is applicable all over India and has similar rate of taxes (5%,  12% , 18% , & 28%.) on all services and products all over India. it is a multi-stage tax system that aims to curb the cascading effect of other Indirect taxes.

     

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CA Sanjiv Kumar
CA Sanjiv KumarEnlightened
Asked: February 24, 2022In: Accountancy

What is going concern?

  1. Advocate Dr Amit Dua Explainer
    Added an answer on February 25, 2022 at 5:44 pm

    Going concern concept is one of the accounting principles that states that a business entity will continue running its operations in the foreseeable future and will not be liquidated or forced to discontinue operations for any reason. In other words, a going concern is expected to have the followingRead more

    Going concern concept is one of the accounting principles that states that a business entity will continue running its operations in the foreseeable future and will not be liquidated or forced to discontinue operations for any reason.

    In other words, a going concern is expected to have the following things working in their favour:

    1. The business is capable of running the daily operations and has capital and raw materials to do so.
    2. A business has the ability to pay off the debt during the accounting period.
    3. There should be demand in the market for the products or services offered by the company.
    4. There should be no changes in the law governing the business.

    Importance of Going Concern Concept in Accounting

    Going concern concept is very important for the generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The concept of going concern plays a significant role in the way assets are treated.

    The concept of depreciation and amortization are based on the assumption that a business will continue to perform its operations in the near future (this period is the next 12 months after an accounting period).

    Advantages of Going Concern Concept

    Following are some of the advantages of the going concern concept

    1.Companies during the formation years will be purchasing fixed assets that will be requiring expenditure upfront, but such assets will be providing the benefits spread over a long term, that is well beyond one accounting period. Therefore, the going concern concept provides a way to record the value of such assets.

    2. It is the basis on which the profits and losses of the business are recorded for the year to which it belongs.

    Disadvantages of Going Concern Concept

    Listed below are some of the disadvantages of the going concern concept:

    1. Financial statements are prepared at cost and not on the basis of current market value. In such a case, if the company in an event of liquidation, will have assets valued at the market value, and as such these values will be different from the value determined at cost.

    2. In the event of business being liquidated, the financial statements will be calculated on the on going concern basis, which can be misleading for the stakeholders.

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Anonymous
Anonymous
Asked: December 21, 2021In: Accountancy

What is difference between Trade Payables and Expenses Payable?

  1. CA Manish Kumar Gupta Enlightened
    Added an answer on December 22, 2021 at 10:39 am
    This answer was edited.

    Hi, Both are accounting terms. Let's understand first to "Trade payable" (TP). Trade Payable refers to a general ledger account of an identified vendor or supplier in the books of the company. The company has made transactions with them for the supply of goods/services and has some outstanding balanRead more

    Hi,

    Both are accounting terms. Let’s understand first to “Trade payable” (TP).

    Trade Payable refers to a general ledger account of an identified vendor or supplier in the books of the company. The company has made transactions with them for the supply of goods/services and has some outstanding balances to pay in accordance with the terms of payments/agreement.

    Since the company has the obligation to pay them they called creditors or trade payable. These are shown in the liability side of the balance sheet of the company.

    Now come to Expenses Payable, Technically they’re also the liability of the company and shown in the liability side of the balance sheet.  Generally, they belong to unidentified parties. It is also not confirmed that whether the company will require an outflow of economic benefit to settle their obligation in near future.  This means either the creditor is not identified or the obligation to payment of the outstanding amount is not confirmed.  For example, in the “Provision of an expense” here neither the party is identified nor the obligation is confirmed. When the party is identified or payment of obligation is confirmed the outstanding amount is transferred to the creditor’s account.

    Hope it clears the terms. There may be different opinions also.

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CA Sanjiv Kumar
CA Sanjiv KumarEnlightened
Asked: September 23, 2021In: Accountancy

What is assessment under section 143(1)?

  1. Advocate Dr Amit Dua Explainer
    Added an answer on February 19, 2022 at 11:19 am

    All the income tax returns filed by the taxpayers are first processed online at the Centralised Processing Centre (CPC). After processing the return, the income tax department then issues intimation under section 143(1) to the taxpayers informing them about the results. If you have received an incomRead more

    All the income tax returns filed by the taxpayers are first processed online at the Centralised Processing Centre (CPC). After processing the return, the income tax department then issues intimation under section 143(1) to the taxpayers informing them about the results.

    If you have received an income tax notice, please do not worry, That May be just Information of ITR Process.

    But Also,

    An income tax return can be either filed voluntarily under Section 139 or on demand by the income tax department under Section 142(1). It is necessary to understand what happens after the taxpayer has filed the return of income. Income tax department carries out a preliminary assessment of all the returns filed and informs taxpayers of the result of such preliminary assessment. This assessment primarily includes arithmetical errors, internal inconsistencies, tax calculation and verification of tax payment. Such communication to the taxpayer post the preliminary assessment is called intimation under Section 143(1). The preliminary assessment is wholly computerised and does not have any human intervention and is delegated to Centralised Processing Center (CPC).

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V Mantri
V MantriBeginner
Asked: July 22, 2021In: Accountancy

What is the meaning of Accounting?

  1. sharmas89 Teacher
    Added an answer on September 14, 2024 at 10:59 pm
    This answer was edited.

    The term accounting refers to the process of recording the financial transactions of the company .

    The term accounting refers to the process of recording the financial transactions of the company .

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